Purpose: Pharmacologic effects of nicotine are multifaceted and complicated. Despite numerous studies, the effect of smoking on Lower Urinary Tract functions, have not been yet studied in detail. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of smoking addiction on Lower Urinary Tract and sexual functions on the basis of respiratory functions. Materials and Methods: A total of 186 male patients who have been evaluated between May 2014 and January 2015 were recruited in this study. Smoking history, respiratory Symptoms, respiratory function tests, uroflowmetry parameters relating to Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS), prostate volume, post-voiding residual urine volume and sexual functions of patients have been retrospectively investigated. Results: We determined that as the mean number of cigarettes smoked daily increases, post-void residual urine volume and International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) also increase. Moreover in accordance with this finding, mean Urinary flow rates and quality of life scores were statistically significantly decreased. In smoking addicts who have high mean package/year, post-void residual urine volume and IPSS levels were increased but proportionately maximum Urinary flow rate and average Urinary flow rate plus quality of life scores were found to be statistically significantly decreased. In patients with forced expiratory volume in first second: forced vital capacity (FEV1/ FVC) ratio less than 80%, mean Urinary flow rates were found to be statistically significantly low. Also, we determined that in smoking addicts who have high mean package/year, erectile functions were statistically significantly impaired. Conclusion: We showed negative impacts of smoking addiction on LUTS, patient’ s quality of life, and sexual functions.

INTRODUCTION: an increasing number of case reports of ketamine involving in Urinary system complications, such as Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS) or ulcerative cystitis, have been cited from the chronic abuse of ketamine. (1-7) Many health care professionals, however, are not aware of these under-diagnosed adverse effects. Thus, we report on a case of suspected ketamine associated conTracted bladder and hydronephrosis and conduct a review of the related literature. . . .

Background: The purpose of the current study was to investigate Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS) in patients infected by SARS-CoV-2. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 203 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 based on the positive results of Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) tests of oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal swabs were enrolled. None of the patients were on diuretic drugs, anticholinergic agents, and alpha blockers. Patients with a history of LUTS, urethral stenosis, neurogenic bladder, Urinary Tract infection, and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) were excluded from the study. Questions about basic characteristics and de novo LUTS were asked from each patient and the answers were recorded. Results: De novo Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms were identified in 30 (14. 7%) patients, 23 males and 7 females indicating a significant difference in terms of sex (p=0. 005). The most frequent Urinary Tract symptom was frequency which was reported in 21 patients. Conclusion: There is no clear explanation on the relationship between LUTS and SARS-CoV-2. However, the potential ability of the virus for causing viral cystitis may be a reasonable hypothesis. Therefore, still further studies are required to determine the role of COVID-19 virus in Urinary Tract Symptoms.

Introduction: Our aim was to evaluate the relationship between Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS), age, and sexual dysfunction in the Iranian men aged 50 to 80 years. Materials and Methods: A total of 357 men aged 50 to 80 years presenting at the urological clinic were enrolled in this study. The International Prostatic Symptom Score (IPSS) and the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) questionnaires were used to assess the LUTS and sexual function, respectively. The questionnaires were completed by face-to-face interview. Logistic regression model was used for multivariate analysis of the risk factors of sexual dysfunction and its domains assessed by the IIEF. Results: Of the patients, 332 (93%) were sexually active with a median sexual attempts of 4.6 times per month. Frequency of sexual attempts was inversely related to LUTS severity (P<.001). Advanced age was positively associated with LUTS severity (r=0.534, P<.001). Sexual dysfunction, defined as IIEF score of 20 and less, was present in 68.2% of the patients. All IIEF domain scores and the overall score were correlated with age (P<.001) and the IPSS (P<.001). In a multivariate analysis, age, diabetes mellitus, and the IPSS were strong independent predictors of the overall IIEF score. Conclusion: Sexual activity as an important component of the quality of life continues in the majority of men over 50 years. However, their sexual function can be severely affected by LUTS and its severity.

Purpose: To investigate the prevalence of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS) and Urinary incontinence (UI) in elementary school aged children in Manisa. Materials and Methods: Dysfunctional Voiding and Incontinence Scoring System (DVIS) which was developed in Turkey is used. A total of 416 children, 216 (51. 9%) male and 200 (48. 1%) female were recruited in this study. Results: Mean age of children was 10. 35 ± 2. 44 years (median10 years). Daytime UI frequency was 6. 7% (28 child), nocturnal incontinence 16. 6% (69 child) and combined daytime and nocturnal incontinence 4. 1% (17 child). There was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of nocturnal and or daytime UI between male and female gender. Mean DVIS score was 2. 65 ± 3. 95 and gender did not affect total DVIS points. The mean ages of achieving daytime bowel and bladder control were all significantly correlated with DVIS points. DVIS points were positively correlated with the history of UI of the family. Total points were increased when the father was unemployed. Conclusion: UI negatively influences health related quality of life of the family and child, so it is important that awareness of the UI and Symptoms of Lower Urinary Tract dysfunction.

Background: Lower Urinary Tract Symptom (LUTS) are common among female nurses. High levels of job stress in nurses may be associated with the prevalence of these Symptoms. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of LUTS and factors related to these Symptoms in female nurses. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study in which 460 nurses and nursing assistants participated was conducted. A questionnaire consisting of socio-demographic data, International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire –,Female Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms, and Toileting Behavior –,Women's Elimination Behavior Scale was used. Data analysis was performed by descriptive and inferential statistical tests at a significant level of p < 0. 05. Results: The highest and lowest scores of LUTS were related to the urgency and nocturnal enuresis with a mean (SD) score of 1. 85 (1. 03) and 0. 05 (0. 26), respectively. Concerning toileting behaviors, the highest score was for the place preference for voiding with a mean (SD) score of 4. 13 (0. 66), which correlated with LUTS. Among controllable variables, years of practice, Urinary Tract infections, use of perineal pads for Urinary leakage, lifting heavy objects at work, and medical history were identified as predictors of LUTS (p < 0. 05). Conclusions: LUTS was highly prevalent in the female nurses. The results revealed that unhealthy toileting behaviors may contribute to the prevalence of LUTS. Early identification of these Symptoms and the development of an educational intervention program to enhance the knowledge of healthy toileting behaviors may prevent the occurrence of Urinary Symptoms.